Why Do Cats Roll Over Into Their Backs But Not Let You Touch Their Bellies?
It’s common knowledge dogs love to have their tummies rubbed when they freely lay down before you and roll onto their backs. But, if you’re also familiar with cats, you know that when they roll onto their backs with their bellies exposed, rubbing the belly will most likely result in bleeding. So why do they do this? advertisement An expression of trust Cat behaviorists will likely answer that it’s a sign of trust when cats roll over and expose their bellies. That is true, indeed. But is it also a request to rub their bellies? The fact that your cat
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Community Science is Unlocking the Mysteries of Cats
Cats have long captured our hearts, but even with centuries of companionship, there’s still so much we don’t know about these enigmatic animals. Enter Darwin’s Ark, a nonprofit community science initiative that’s harnessing the collective knowledge of pet owners to uncover the secrets of pet genetics, behavior, and health. While the project initially focused on dogs, 2024 marked the launch of Darwin’s Cats, bringing the power of citizen science to the world of felines. advertisement A New Era of Cat Research Through Darwin’s Cats, scientists are inviting cat owners to become community scientists, contributing insights about their pets’ personalities, habits, and even DNA. By leveraging the expertise of the people who know their cats best, researchers aim to explore how genetics influences behavior, health, and ancestry. Since its launch, over 18,000 cats have been registered, with more than 1.1 million survey responses submitted. This data is helping researchers study everything from common health conditions to unique personality traits, creating a rich database that has the potential to revolutionize feline science. How Community Science Works Participation is simple and doesn’t require a lab coat or advanced degree. Cat owners can: Sign up with their cats – create an account for both owner and pet. Become a Community Scientist – complete surveys about your cat’s behavior, habits, and preferences. Sequence Your Cat’s DNA – optional genetic testing helps researchers explore understudied areas of feline genetics and ancestry. Through this collaborative approach, Darwin’s Cats is producing groundbreaking insights that wouldn’t be possible in traditional lab settings. Why It Matters Cats are more than just pets—they’re part of our families. Yet, compared to dogs, far less is known about their genetics and behavior. By analyzing thousands of cats, Darwin’s Ark researchers are working to: Understand health patterns – identifying genetic risk factors for common feline diseases. Decode behavior – linking personality traits to genetic and environmental influences. Trace ancestry – uncovering the evolutionary history of domestic cats and their breeds. Beyond helping cats, these insights can also inform human health. Because pets share our environments and lifestyles, studying them can reveal patterns relevant to diseases that affect both species. advertisement Join the Feline Revolution For cat owners, participation in Darwin’s Cats is both simple and rewarding. By sharing observations, completing surveys, or contributing a DNA sample, you’re not just learning about your own cat—you’re advancing science for the entire feline community. As the program grows, the potential discoveries are limitless. From understanding playful quirks to preventing disease, Darwin’s Cats is transforming how we care for our furry companions, one survey, one DNA sample, and one paw at a time. Curious? Sign up today and turn your love for your cat into a catalyst for scientific discovery. Your cat could be the key to the next breakthrough in feline research.
Cats in the Middle Ages
What Medieval Manuscripts Reveal About Our Feline Ancestors Cats didn’t always enjoy their modern reputation as beloved companions and internet stardom. In the Middle Ages, they were often viewed with suspicion, linked to paganism and witchcraft. Yet despite this, medieval manuscripts reveal surprisingly affectionate and playful portrayals of cats, showing that they were a familiar and cherished part of daily life. advertisement Cats as Status Symbols In medieval society, the animals people kept reflected their social standing. Exotic pets like monkeys demonstrated wealth. Even cats and dogs were often included in portraits to signal refinement and status. Manuscript illustrations frequently show cats in domestic spaces. They quietly observed or lounged near hearths, underscoring their role as household companions rather than central figures in the narrative. For instance, in Pietro Lorenzetti’s Last Supper (1320), a cat sits by the fire while a small dog sniffs leftovers on the floor, both signaling a warm, lived-in home rather than playing a narrative role. Similarly, the London Rothschild Hours shows a cozy household scene with a well-cared-for cat watching from the corner, again highlighting the feline presence in domestic life. Medieval Cats Had Names, and Treats! Cats were often given names, just like today. In Beaulieu Abbey, a 13th-century manuscript features a cat named “Mite,” doodled in the margins with its name written above in green ink. Medieval households also cared for their cats’ well-being: manor records from Cuxham, Oxfordshire, show cheese explicitly purchased for a cat, and royal cats received extravagant attention, like the pearl-collared pets of Queen Isabeau of Bavaria. Cats as Companions for Scholars and Clergy Cats were more than ornaments; they offered companionship, even to scholars. Poems and eulogies from the 16th century celebrated cats as loyal friends and welcome distractions from academic toil. In religious settings, cats were common, appearing in illuminated manuscripts and doodles. They often engaged playfully with nuns’ spindles or simply lounged nearby. Suspicion and Superstition Despite their popularity, cats were sometimes criticized. Preachers like John Bromyard saw them as pampered accessories of the wealthy, while others associated their hunting skills with devilish cunning. Such suspicion occasionally led to the killing of cats, which may have worsened rat infestations during plague outbreaks. Still, no formal bans existed in monasteries, suggesting cats remained a fixture of medieval religious life. advertisement A Familiar Bond Playful illustrations in manuscripts and careful household records show that medieval cats were well cared for and loved. Their presence in homes, royal courts, and scholarly spaces highlights a connection to humans that is remarkably familiar: medieval people, much like us, enjoyed the companionship, charm, and quirks of their feline friends.
Why Cat Parents Should Never Use Rodenticide
As the days get shorter and cooler, rodents start seeking warm, cozy places—sometimes right in your home. While it might be tempting to sprinkle rodenticide to keep mice and rats away, these baits are extremely toxic to cats and can have deadly consequences. Year after year, rodenticides appear on the ASPCA’s Top 10 Pet Toxins list. The same chemicals that attract rodents can cause severe harm to cats, including internal bleeding, kidney failure, seizures, or even death. advertisement Why Cats Are at Risk Cats are natural hunters. Even indoor cats retain strong predatory instincts, and outdoor cats actively chase and catch rodents. A cat that encounters a poisoned mouse or rat can ingest the toxic bait indirectly, putting them at serious risk. Types of Rodenticides and the Dangers They Pose to Cats Anticoagulants – The most common type. They prevent blood clotting, which can lead to internal bleeding within 3–5 days. Immediate veterinary care is critical if ingestion is suspected. Bromethalin – A neurotoxin that attacks the nervous system, causing weakness, tremors, or seizures. Cats need urgent treatment in a veterinary clinic. Cholecalciferol (Vitamin D3) – Excess Vitamin D can damage the kidneys and calcify soft tissues, including the heart and blood vessels. Quick intervention is essential. Zinc Phosphide – Primarily used for gophers and moles, it releases toxic phosphine gas in the stomach, causing vomiting, tremors, and organ damage. This is dangerous for both cats and humans who may come in contact with vomit. advertisement What to Do If Your Cat Eats Rodenticide Save the packaging or receipt – This helps the veterinarian identify the exact toxin. Call your vet or the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center at (888) 426-4435 immediately. Document bait placement – If rodenticide is in your home or yard, note locations and amounts so you can check for any accidental exposure. Even a carefully maintained home can hide rodenticide dangers. For cats, especially those that hunt outdoors, prevention is the safest approach. Consider non-toxic alternatives for rodent control and keep your feline friends out of harm’s way.
What To Do if Your Cat Poops or Pees Everywhere but the Litter Box
For many cat owners, a well-trained indoor cat using the litter box is a source of pride. But what happens when your cat suddenly refuses the box? This is a surprisingly common scenario, and it can have both behavioral and health implications. advertisement Why Cats Refuse the Litter Box Several factors may explain this puzzling behavior: Preference for Nature: Some cats simply prefer outdoor textures and scents. Products like Dr. Elsey’s Litter Attractant, which mimics natural scents, may encourage hesitant cats to use litter boxes. Marking Behavior: Male cats sometimes hold urine to mark their territory, which is more difficult to satisfy indoors. Stress or Discomfort: A cat may avoid a litter box if it feels unsafe, dirty, or uncomfortable. Certain calming products like Feliway sprays can reduce stress-related avoidance. Box and Litter Preferences: Cats are notoriously picky about litter texture. Some refuse natural fiber or corn-based litters, while clay-based litters may be more acceptable. Tried-and-True Strategies Here are some practical tips for coaxing reluctant cats to use the litter box: Add Familiar Smells: Place a bit of the cat’s feces in the litter box to create an association with the correct spot. Experiment with Litter Types: If a cat dislikes one kind, try others until you find one that is accepted. Use Pee Pads or Grass Mats: These mimic outdoor surfaces and can be especially helpful for cats who refuse standard litter. Introduce Another Cat: Some cats respond to social cues and may begin using the box if they see another cat doing so. When to Consult a Veterinarian Even the most patient strategies won’t replace veterinary guidance. If a cat is holding urine for over 24 hours, shows signs of straining, has blood in the urine, or appears lethargic, seek professional care immediately. Male cats are particularly vulnerable to urinary blockages, which can be life-threatening. advertisement Bottom Line All cats are unique creatures with individual preferences, quirks, and behaviors. By understanding their instincts, experimenting with litter and box setups, and consulting veterinarians when needed, owners can help their cats stay healthy and comfortable, while keeping the furniture safe, too.
Are Home-Cooked Cat Meals Truly Nutritious?
For many cat owners, preparing homemade meals for their feline friends seems like a loving, healthy choice. After all, who doesn’t want to know exactly what their pet is eating? However, a recent evaluation of home-prepared maintenance diets (HPMDs) for cats raises important questions about whether these meals are meeting the nutritional needs of adult cats. A study led by Dr. Sarah A. Wilson and colleagues examined 114 recipes sourced from books and online platforms to see if they matched the National Research Council’s (NRC) recommended allowances for essential nutrients in adult cats. The results are eye-opening. advertisement Vague Instructions and Missing Feeding Guidelines Of the 114 recipes analyzed, 113 had unclear instructions for preparation, and nearly half (46 recipes) didn’t provide feeding directions at all. Even among the 94 recipes detailed enough for computerized nutritional analysis, most still required assumptions about ingredients, preparation methods, or supplementation. Who Wrote the Recipes Matters The study found that recipes created by nonveterinarians and those lacking supplement products were more likely to fall short of essential nutrients. Interestingly, even veterinarian-authored recipes were not perfect; only five met nearly all nutrient requirements, and even these still fell short in key areas like choline and possibly taurine. Nutrients Most Often Lacking Across the board, several nutrients were frequently below recommended levels, including: Choline: 89.7% of recipes Iron: 76.6% Thiamine: 62.8% Zinc: 61.7% Manganese: 57.4% Vitamin E: 57.4% Copper: 45.7% Even crude protein, often assumed to be abundant in homemade cat diets, was below recommended levels in 6.4% of analyzed recipes. advertisement The Takeaway This study clearly demonstrates that all home-prepared cat diets carry a risk of nutritional deficiencies. Proper formulation requires specialized knowledge in feline nutrition and the use of dedicated computer software to calculate nutrient levels accurately. Without this expertise, even well-intentioned owners may inadvertently create diets that could harm their pets over time. For cat owners passionate about home-prepared meals, the key is careful planning and professional guidance. Consulting a veterinarian or board-certified veterinary nutritionist and using validated recipes with supplements can help ensure that your furry friend is truly receiving a balanced, complete diet.
How to Check and Update Your Cat’s Microchip Information
For many cat owners, few things are more terrifying than the thought of their kitty getting lost. While collars and ID tags provide visible identification, they can fall off or break. That’s where microchips come in, tiny devices implanted under your cat’s skin that provide permanent identification. But what happens when you need to update that information, or when life circumstances change? advertisement Why Microchip Information Matters When a lost cat is found and taken to a veterinarian, animal shelter, or rescue organization, scanning for a microchip is typically the first step in reunification. The chip contains a unique identification number linked to a database with the owner’s contact information. However, if that information is outdated or belongs to someone who is no longer the cat’s caregiver, it can create serious complications. How to Check Your Cat’s Microchip Information Step 1: Scanning the Microchip Your veterinarian can scan your cat’s microchip to determine: The unique chip number The manufacturer/brand of the chip Whether the chip is functioning properly Most veterinary clinics, animal shelters, and even some pet stores have microchip scanners available. This service is typically free or very low-cost. Step 2: Identify the Registration Company Once you have the chip number, you can use online databases to identify which company manages the registration. The American Animal Hospital Association (AAHA) provides a helpful microchip lookup tool on its website that can tell you which company registered a particular chip. Step 3: Access the Database Different microchip companies have varying procedures for updating information: Some allow online updates through their websites Others require phone calls or written documentation Most charge a small fee for updates (typically $20-100) Updating Microchip Information: What to Expect For Straightforward Updates If you’re simply updating your address or phone number on a chip already registered to you, the process is usually simple and can often be done online. For Ownership Changes When ownership has changed, companies typically require: Proof of ownership (veterinary records, adoption papers, bills of sale) Sometimes contact with the previous owner Documentation showing you’ve been caring for the animal The Notification Process Many microchip companies follow a standard procedure when ownership changes are requested: They contact the currently registered owner Provide a specific timeframe (often 30 days) for any objections If no response is received, they process the change This safeguard exists to prevent pet theft, but it can create anxiety for legitimate owners in complicated situations. advertisement Alternative Solutions Keep Current Information Visible: Always ensure your cat wears a collar with current contact information Consider Re-chipping: In extreme cases where updating the original chip proves impossible, some veterinarians suggest implanting a new microchip. This is typically done during routine procedures when the cat is already sedated, such as dental cleanings. Document Your Ownership Maintain clear records of: Veterinary visits and payments Food and supply purchases Photos showing you with your cat over time Any communication about ownership Prevention is Key The best approach is to ensure microchip information stays current from the
Caring for a Kitten Mill Survivor
Fostering a kitten from a traumatic setting can be one of the most challenging and rewarding experiences for any animal lover. As a foster parent, you may encounter a kitten who is not just shy but completely shut down and terrified. The emotional scars from their traumatic past can be visible, and their fear of humans runs deep. Fostering cats that were specifically victims of a kitten mill is a journey that requires patience, understanding, and a lot of love. Here are some insights and tips for anyone who is promoting or considering fostering a kitten who has come from similar circumstances. advertisement Kitten Mill Cats Kitten mills are large-scale breeding operations that prioritize profit over the well-being of the animals. Cats from these mills are often kept in overcrowded, unsanitary conditions and are not given the opportunity for proper socialization. Many of these cats have never had positive interactions with humans. They are isolated, frightened, and distrustful of people. The trauma of these early experiences can leave long-lasting effects. Most cats show extreme fear and shutdown behavior. For those unfamiliar with “shut down” cats, they often display behaviors such as hiding, avoiding eye contact, and exhibiting little to no social interest. The First Steps in Fostering a Kitten Mill Survivor The most important thing to remember when fostering a kitten mill survivor is that patience is key. Every cat is different, and their recovery process will vary depending on their level of trauma. It may take weeks, months, or even longer, but with time, progress can be made. 1. Provide a Safe and Quiet Space Spend the first few days in their new home in a quiet, low-traffic area where they feel safe. Providing them with a designated “room” to call their own is important. This space should be stocked with essential supplies, including food, water, a litter box, and comfortable bedding. Be sure to add lots of hiding spaces for them to retreat to if they feel overwhelmed. 2. Let Them Come to You Building trust with a kitten mill survivor requires a hands-off approach at first. You cannot force them to interact with you; instead, allow them to approach you when they feel ready. Patience is crucial here. Sit quietly in the same room and give them time to observe you from a distance. Avoid any sudden movements or loud noises that could be startling. 3. Slowly Introduce Socialization Once they start feeling comfortable in their safe space, you can begin introducing gentle socialization. Talk to them softly to help them get used to the sound of your voice. Use treats as a way to create positive associations. Offer treats when they come closer or show any interest in you. This helps build trust and reinforces the idea that humans bring good things. 4. Avoid Pushing Them Don’t be discouraged if they don’t immediately respond to your attempts at affection. It may take time for them to trust you enough to let you touch them. Sometimes it
Finding the Right Cone for Your Cat After Surgery
When your poor kitty cat needs surgery, especially a major one, the recovery process can be challenging. Along with the physical healing, your cat must wear a cone or collar to prevent licking and aggravating the incision site. While most of us are familiar with the standard hard plastic cone, many pet owners want something more comfortable for their cats. Let’s explore alternatives to the traditional plastic cone, focusing on comfort, functionality, and how to ensure your cat stays hydrated, fed, and at ease while they heal. advertisement Why Cats Need a Cone After Surgery Cats may need a cone or collar post-surgery to prevent them from licking or biting at their stitches or the surgical site, which can cause infections or delay the healing process. However, many cats find traditional cones uncomfortable and restrictive, making the recovery process even more stressful. The key is to find a solution that keeps your cat comfortable while still fulfilling its purpose of protection. What to Look for in a Comfortable Cone or Collar When choosing a cone or collar for your cat after surgery, there are a few features you should consider: Effectiveness in Preventing Licking: The cone should prevent your cat from reaching the surgical site, ensuring the healing process is not disrupted. Comfort: A comfortable cone will reduce stress and irritation, allowing your cat to rest and heal properly. Secure Fit: The cone should stay on your cat without being easily removed or slipping off. You don’t want it to be an easy escape route. Ease of Eating and Drinking: A good collar will not obstruct your cat’s ability to eat or drink, especially for cats who are free feeders. Sleep-Friendly: After surgery, your cat will likely need more sleep. A collar that is comfortable enough to let them rest peacefully is crucial. Best Alternatives to the Hard Plastic Cone Here are some alternatives to the traditional plastic cone that offer better comfort and effectiveness: 1. Soft Collars Soft fabric collars are a popular alternative to hard plastic cones. They are lightweight, more flexible. Often, they come in fun shapes, such as strawberries or flowers, which can also add a bit of cuteness to the recovery process. Many cats find these collars more tolerable, and they can still prevent licking and biting, while allowing your cat to move more freely and sleep more comfortably. Recommendation: The Soft Cat Recovery Collar is adjustable, comfortable, and comes in various designs, making it a great choice for post-surgery use. 2. Inflatable Collars Inflatable collars are another great option. They’re more comfortable than the traditional plastic cone, as they don’t restrict your cat’s vision as much. These collars are made from soft, air-filled material, and while they are effective at preventing licking, they are often less intrusive and more comfortable for cats to wear for extended periods. 3. Onesies or Surgical Suits For cats who are particularly averse to collars, a onesie or surgical suit may be a viable alternative. These outfits cover the
Why do Some Cats Have That Extra “Ear Fold”
Have you ever noticed the curious fold or “pocket” near your cat’s ear? Most cats possess a unique anatomical feature that has intrigued both cat owners and scientists alike. Known as Henry’s Pocket, it is a small, flexible fold of skin found in the corner of a cat’s ear. But what exactly is it for? Let’s examine the potential functions and theories that underlie this fascinating feature. advertisement What Is Henry’s Pocket? Named after a cat named Henry, whose anatomical feature drew attention, this “pocket” is a fold of skin located just below the cat’s outer ear. It’s often visible, especially in certain breeds, and has been a topic of curiosity for many years. While it’s not a trait that all cats possess, many cats, particularly those with rounded ear shapes, are born with it. Possible Functions of Henry’s Pocket Despite being present in many mammals, including humans (in the form of earlobes), the precise function of Henry’s Pocket remains unclear. However, there are several theories based on its location and anatomy: Aiding in Sound Detection. One prominent hypothesis is that Henry’s Pocket plays a role in helping cats hear high-pitched sounds. Cats have exceptional hearing abilities, particularly in detecting the high-frequency sounds of rodents and small prey. This little pocket may filter out lower sounds, allowing cats to focus on higher-pitched noises, which is critical when hunting. This function is supported by the fact that the pocket is often positioned just below the ear canal, where it could assist in sound attenuation. Vestigial feature. Some speculate that Henry’s Pocket could be a vestigial structure, a remnant of an ancestor’s more functional anatomical feature. Over time, this fold may have lost its original purpose, but it remains part of feline evolution. The presence of this pocket in various mammalian species may indicate its evolutionary heritage. Social and Behavioral Significance. From a behavioral standpoint, the pocket may also serve as an area where cats use subtle communication or mark their territory. In some instances, it could play a role in scent-marking, especially if cats rub or nuzzle against their surroundings. Cats and Their ‘Pockets’ While the specific functions of Henry’s Pocket are still a mystery, what’s clear is that cats are equipped with fascinating anatomical traits that serve multiple purposes. Cats also have a primordial pouch, another flap of loose skin along their abdomen that protects their vital organs from other cats who often use ‘bunny kicks’ as an attack on their prey’s belly. Fun Facts About Henry’s Pocket Not Every Cat Has One: Although common, not all cats have a pronounced Henry’s Pocket. It’s more visible in certain breeds, particularly those with large, round ears. The Downside: The pocket is a frequent gathering spot for parasites and should be examined by a vet. A relatively recent discovery: Despite being common, Henry’s Pocket has only recently garnered attention, with many new pet owners noticing and researching this curious feature. advertisement What Do We Know About Henry’s Pocket? While the precise function
How to Keep Your Cat Hydrated in Summer
As the days grow longer and the sun beams brighter this season, you may notice your cat sprawling out in shady spots, grooming more frequently to cope with the heat, or even panting noticeably after playing several rounds of fetch. While we are free to cool off by sipping cold drinks, our cats feel the heat as much when the sun is blazing outside. Hydration is just as essential for them as it is for us, yet it can be tricky to tell if your cat is drinking enough water. To keep your cat hydrated in summer, it helps to recognize the signs of dehydration and understand the simple changes you can make to support their healthy water intake. advertisement Why Hydration Matters More in Summer Evolved from desert dwellers, cats are naturally prone to drinking less water than many other animals. However, elevated temperatures can lead to faster fluid loss and increase the risk of dehydration. During warmer months, cats may groom more often to stay cool, losing additional moisture through their saliva. While panting is uncommon among cats, it can occur after a full-on play session, like chasing feather wands or laser dots. Staying hydrated helps cats regulate their body temperature, support kidney function, and maintain energy levels. While it may seem like your cat is doing just fine lounging in the sun, a lack of water can affect their health more than you might expect. Some early signs of dehydration include dry or sticky gums, reduced energy, sunken eyes, and irregular urination. You might also notice your cat eating less or acting more withdrawn than usual. A quick, simple way to check for dehydration is the skin pinch test: gently pinch the skin between your cat’s shoulder blades and see how quickly it turns to place. If it stays up for a moment, your cat may be dehydrated. How to Get Your Cat to Drink More Water (Without a Fuss) Cats can be particular about when, where, and how they drink water. The good news is that keeping your cat hydrated does not require a complete routine overhaul. Several thoughtful adjustments can go a long way in helping your cat stay healthy throughout summer. Water bowls Depending on your cat’s habits and preferences, the placement of their water bowl can make a big difference to their liking. Some cats may turn up their noses and walk away if the bowl is too close to their food or litter box. Cats love cleanliness and prefer their water fresh in a quiet spot, ideally away from strong odors or heavy foot traffic. The material of the bowl can also affect your cat’s drinking habits. Glass bowls are smooth, easy to clean, and do not absorb odors or flavors over time, though they can chip or shatter if dropped. Stainless steel is durable, lightweight, and bacteria-resistant, but may slide on hard floors unless placed on a mat. Ceramic bowls tend to stay in place due to their weight and are
